To Be Brave Is Not the Same As to Have No Fear
Josef Pieper (1904–1997) was a Roman Catholic theologian and philosopher from Elte, Westphalia, Germany. He imbibed the philosophy of Thomas Aquinas but thought deeply about the rest of the Western tradition, ancient and modern (read a little more about him here). I have found his work a particularly helpful guide to thinking deeply and clearly about what it means to live rightly as a human being. His most famous work is Leisure: the Basis of Culture. If you want to get a sense of the breadth of his work, An Anthology, which he compiled at the end of his life is a great place to start.
In his book, The Four Cardinal Virtues, he describes the four virtues that the ancients considered basic to any good and virtuous life: wisdom, justice, courage (which he calls fortitude here), and temperance or self-control. In this scary time, I think we need very clear thinking about courage and fear. I found these few paragraphs a really good summary of the best I have read on the subject in the Western tradition:
To be brave is not the same as to have no fear. Indeed, fortitude actually rules out a certain kind of fearlessness that is based upon a false appraisal and evaluation of reality. Such fearlessness is either blind or deaf to real danger, or else is the result of a perversion of love. For fear and love depend on each other, and he who loves falsely, fears falsely. One who has lost the will to live does not fear death. But this indifference to life is far removed from genuine fortitude, it is, indeed, an inversion of the natural order. Fortitude recognizes, acknowledges, and maintains the natural order of things. The brave man is not deluded; he sees that the injury he suffers is an evil. He does not undervalue and falsify reality; he “likes the taste” of reality as it is, real; he does not love death nor does he despise life. Fortitude presupposes in a certain sense that a man is afraid of evil; its essence lies not in knowing no fear, but in not allowing oneself to be forced into evil by fear, or to be kept by fear from the realization of good. Continue reading “To Be Brave Is Not the Same As to Have No Fear”
Thy Will Be Done
Grief and loss. That’s a good way to describe what people throughout the world are experiencing in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Loss of normalcy. Loss of connection. Loss of church life. Loss of vacations. Loss of school. That’s a lot of loss.
I remember a few weeks ago when I began to feel the loss in my own heart. Once I began to realize what was going on with the pandemic, I realized also that my normal American life was going to be severely interrupted. I did not like it. I was grieved. I realized that church would not be the same, and I love going to church! It was a loss, and I was going to miss it.
We need to talk about these losses, and we need to recognize them for what they are and the grief they cause. We need to let them soak in and wait patiently for the time when we will adjust. That time does come, and God speaks comfort to our hearts.
When we experience grief and loss, it’s easy to think that God is distant or far away from us. However, the Bible teaches us that grief and loss are part of God’s plan.
Jesus’ Experience of Grief and Loss
Jesus Himself entered into the world of grief and loss. I want to look at one particular example of that in His life: the Garden of Gethsemane. It was a time when Jesus contemplated the severe grief of the cross and struggled with it in the depths of His being. Continue reading “Thy Will Be Done”
Stoicism and Christianity
I am doing a series on insights from Stoic philosophy for how to live well. Some people may wonder, why focus on the Stoics when you have the Bible? Isn’t what is best in the Stoics contained in the Bible? If so, why not just use the Bible?
Here’s a few answers. First, the Bible is not meant to be read in isolation from the world. The Bible gives us a framework for understanding reality. Knowledge of reality and a framework for understanding it go hand in hand. The more we know of reality, the better we will understand the Bible and vice versa. In addition, on our own, we can only learn so much about reality. We need other people to help us understand it. The Stoics are just one group that I’ve found particularly helpful. Continue reading “Stoicism and Christianity”
God Will Take Care of You
Jesus said, “Look at the birds of the air; they do not sow or reap or store away in barns, and yet your heavenly Father feeds them. Are you not much more valuable than they?” (Matthew 6:26).
Jesus tells us to take a look at God’s creation, particularly the birds of the air. You can see the birds early in the morning looking around for food. It seems to be merely a natural process. The worms ate organic material that the cells inside their bodies turn into worm, and the birds eat the worms which the mechanisms in their body turn into bird. It’s amazing to think of all the mechanisms involved.
Above and beyond this process, Jesus tells us, God is superintending it so that He can really be said to “feed the birds.” There are real secondary causes in this process, but God is the ultimate cause of the birds having food. Continue reading “God Will Take Care of You”